Introduction
Data type specifies the type of value and its size to be stored in variables. There are two types of data type in java,
- Primitive data type (byte, short, int, long, float, double, chart, boolean)
- Object data type (String, Classes, Array)
Primitive Data Type
In java there are 8 primitive data types available,
SL. No. | Data Type | Capacity | Min and Max values |
1 | byte | 1 byte | -128 to 127 |
2 | short | 2 byte | -32,768 to 32,767 |
3 | int | 4 byte | -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |
4 | long | 8 byte | -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 |
5 | float | 4 byte | -3.4e38 to -1.4e-45 for negative values and 1.4e-45 to 3.4e38 for positive values |
6 | double | 8 byte | -1.8e308 to -4.9e-328 for negative values and 4.9e-324 to 1.8e308 for positive values |
7 | char | 2 byte | 0 to 65535 |
8 | boolean | 1 byte | true / false |
Note: Here ‘e’ represents *10 to the power. Suppose 3.4e38 means 3.4*1038
Byte
- The ‘byte’ data type can store number from -128 to +127.
- It can store 1 byte (8 bit) of data
Example:
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
byte age = 12;
byte Number = -100;
//byte number = 200; // compile error > Type mismatch: cannot convert from int to byte
System.out.println(age+"\n"+ Number);
}
}
/*
Output
12
-100
*/
Short
- The ‘short’ data type can store number from -32,768 to 32767.
- It can store 2 byte (16 bit) of data
Example:
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
short number = 500;
short ticketNumber = -500;
//short num = 50000; // compile error > Type mismatch: cannot convert from int to byte
System.out.println(number+"\n"+ticketNumber);
}
}
/*
Output
500
-500
*/
Integer
- The ‘short’ data type can store number from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
- It can store 4 byte (32 bit) of data
Example:
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int number = 50;
int ticketNumber = -150;
System.out.println(number+"\n"+ticketNumber);
}
}
/*
Output
50
-150
*/
Long
- The ‘long’ data type can store number from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807.
- It can store 8 byte (64 bit) of data
- If value exceeds the size of integer data type size, long data type value should be ended with an “L”.
Example:
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
long number = 5000000000;
long ticketNumber = 150;
System.out.println(number+"\n"+ticketNumber);
}
}
/*
Output
5000000000
150
*/
Float
- It can store 4 byte (32 bit) of data
- float data type value should be ended with “f”.
- Sufficient for holding 7 decimal digits
Example:
//Float Data type in java
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
float Value1 = 55.98f; // Output: 55.98
float Value2 = 55.98; // Compile error: Type mismatch:
float Value3 = 55.951487623f;// Output: 55.95149
float Value4 = 150; // Output: 150.0
}
}
Double
- It can store 8 byte (64 bit) of data
- double data type value should be ended with “d”.
- Sufficient for holding 15 decimal digits
Example:
//double Data type in java
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double Value1 = 55.98d; // Output: 55.98
double Value2 = 55.98; // Output: 55.98
double Value3 = 55; // Output: 55.0
}
}
Char
- The char data type is used to store a single character.
- The char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character.
Example:
//char Data type in java
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char Value1 = 'N';
System.out.println(Value1);
}
}
Boolean
- A boolean data type is declared with the boolean keyword
- boolean data type represents only one bit of information like true or false
Example:
//boolean Data type in java
public class DataTypes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean Value1 = true; //Output: true
boolean Value2 = false; //Output: false
boolean Value3 = name; //Compile error: name cannot be resolved to a variable
}
}
Object Data Type will be discussed in next topic
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